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When trading, your win-loss probability is actually uncertain, and it's hard to predict whether you'll earn more or less. But there's always a way — you can estimate expected returns through backtesting or run models using real trading data, which helps you see the general effectiveness of your strategy.
The key concept is called the R multiple, which is the risk-reward ratio. It’s simply the actual points gained from your trade divided by the initial risk taken. For example, if you risk $500 and end up earning $1500, the R multiple is 3. Another example: a system entered on August 4, 1997 (at 2511 points), with a 3x ATR stop-loss set at 104 points (at 2407 points), and exited on September 29 (at 3069 points), earning 558 points — this is a 5.37R trade.
The distribution characteristics of the R multiple essentially determine how much your method can earn. Therefore, you need to develop a position management algorithm that not only maximizes expected returns but also ties each trade’s initial risk and your account capital together. Especially for beginners, you might want to consider...